Ultimate Peru, Argentina & Brazil

Bienvenidos! Welcome to Peru. With Indigenous cultures dating back millennia, this country is a fascinating land of Amazonian rainforests, diverse wildlife and soaring mountains. Your adventure begins in Lima with a welcome meeting at 4 pm at your hotel. Embark on an optional Lima Bites and Sights Tour with Urban Adventures, taking you to the bohemian Barranco district to sample the best local street food and pisco cocktails.  

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Set out on a walking tour of downtown Lima this morning, where the streets are lined with old mansions, palaces and churches. Take in Plaza Mayor, the Cathedral of Lima, the San Francisco Monastery and the Central Market where you’ll get a glimpse into Peru’s abundant produce. Then, board a local bus to Paracas – it may stop three or four times along the way. There are no planned activities in Paracas, but how about seeking out a bar serving Peru's national libation – Pisco sour?

This morning, wildlife enthusiasts might like to visit the Ballestas Islands in Paracas National Reserve for a chance to spot pelicans, red-footed boobies and flamingos on a two-hour boat tour. Otherwise, take it easy with some self-paced sightseeing in Paracas. Then, hit the road to Nazca – home to one of the world's most mysterious archaeological sites, the Nazca Lines. This group of geoglyphs etched into the ground of the Nazca Desert was created between 500 BCE and 500 CE and covers an area of about 450 square kilometres. You’ll stop in the town of Huacachina – a little settlement next to a small lake surrounded by sand dunes. Take in the views from the viewing platform or opt for a scenic flight for the ultimate views.

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This morning, you’ll explore the eerie desert graveyard of Chauchilla – where the arid conditions have naturally interred the remains of the Nazca people buried here. Later in the afternoon, you'll board a local overnight bus from Nazca to Arequipa. The journey is long, so be sure to stock up on snacks.

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You’ll arrive in Arequipa this morning. Check into your hotel room, freshen up and get breakfast before enjoying free time for the rest of the day. Standing at the foot of El Misti Volcano, Arequipa vies with Cusco for the title of Peru's most attractive city. Built out of a pale volcanic rock called sillar, the old buildings dazzle in the sun, giving the city its nickname – the White City. The main plaza, with its cafes and nearby cathedral, is a lovely place to while away the day. Maybe wander the plaza, tuck into local dishes like rocoto relleno (stuffed spicy pepper) or visit the Andean Sanctuaries Museum which houses Peru’s famous Ice Maiden – the Inca mummy of a girl who died in the 1440s.

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Travel by minivan to the traditional market town of Chivay today. Look out for llamas, alpacas and vicunas along the way – not sure how to differentiate between these adorable creatures? Your leader will help you! You'll also stop to stretch your legs, take photos and try local coca tea. The third stop takes you to the highest point on the trip at Patapama (4800 m) before descending to Chivay. Eat lunch in town, then maybe wander around the plaza or enjoy a soak in the Colca Canyon hot springs. Tonight, why not try llama steak at a local restaurant and watch some live Andean music at a pena (bar)?

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Visit the Colca Canyon this morning. More than twice as deep as the Grand Canyon, the views here are epic. See terraced crops cultivated since pre-Inca times by local villages and look out for the Andean condor – one of the world’s largest flying birds – soaring above and below you from a prime viewing point. Later, board a bus to Puno. It’s a long drive, but the views of the Altiplano – part of the Peruvian highlands – make it an exceptionally scenic one. Puno is on the shores of Lake Titicaca, which you’ll explore in the coming days. Upon arrival, you might like to get acquainted with the town. Known as Peru’s folklore capital, Puno is home to several Indigenous cultures, including the Aymara and Quechua peoples.

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Take a tour of the immense Lake Titicaca by motorboat today. Stop at the floating Uros Islands that were historically built by the Uros people to protect themselves from encroaching Inca forces hundreds of years ago. The islands are constructed from many layers of totora reeds that grow in the lake’s shallows. You’ll get a closer look at contemporary life here during a homestay with a local community. Help your host family with their daily activities, try out a few words in the Quechua language and maybe join a soccer game to make some friends on the makeshift pitch. Tonight, sit down and swap stories with your hosts over a home-cooked meal.

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This morning, board another motorboat and cruise to Taquile Island – where the locals are known for producing intricate textiles. Here, knitting is strictly men’s domain and women do the spinning. It's a great place to pick up high-quality, locally knitted goods while supporting local craftspeople. Then, take a one-hour hike uphill to the main area of the island, where you can shop for more handicrafts. After, descend about 500 steps to the boat and cruise back to Puno, where you might like to gather the group and find a local watering hole to enjoy a drink or two. Chilcano or another Pisco sour, anyone?

Take a scenic bus ride across the Altiplano towards Cusco – the continent’s oldest continuously inhabited city. Here, colonial buildings are built on foundations from ancient Inca times. Spend some time acclimatising to the high altitude of 3450 m, then set out to explore some of Cusco's lesser-known sights on a guided walking tour. Visit the facade of Qoricancha temple, San Pedro market, the main square, 12 Angled Stone, Regocijo Square and San Blas Square. End the tour at Cusco's Chocolate Museum to sample a cup of hot chocolate made from local cacao beans. There’s also a small store where you can browse artisanal chocolate treats.

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Enjoy a free day in Cusco – the heart and soul of Peru. You may like to visit one of the city’s many museums and archaeological sites with a boleto turistico (tourism ticket). This includes the Contemporary Art Museum, Regional History Museum, Qosqo Native Art Museum and the Inca ruins of Saqsaywaman, Q'enqo, Puka Pukara, Pisac and Ollantaytambo. The most easily accessible among these sites is Coricancha, which was once the Inca empire's richest temple until the Spanish built a Dominican church on top of it. Just speak to your leader to organise this pass or get tips to make the most of your time.

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Depending on the travel arrangements you made before the trip, you’ll either spend the next four days hiking the Inca Trail (Route 1), hiking the Quarry Trail (Route 2) or staying in Cusco for two days before taking the train to Aguas Calientes (Route 3). All routes visit Machu Picchu. While away from Cusco, most of your luggage will be stored at your hotel. If you’re hiking the Inca or Quarry trails, you'll receive a small duffle bag the evening before you leave to carry your clothes (5 kg maximum). Your team of porters will carry these bags for you, together with the food and camping equipment. You won't have access to these items until the end of each day, as the porters will always be ahead of the group. If you’re travelling to Aguas Calientes by train, you'll be able to leave most of your luggage at the hotel in Cusco and travel with only a small bag for the overnight stay in Aguas Calientes. Route 1 Inca Trail: Travel by minivan to the 82 km marker and meet your guide, cook and crew of porters. Your first day will include uphill trekking to the campsite (3100 m). On the way, you’ll see the Inca sites of Ollantaytambo, Huillca Raccay and Llactapata, as well as incredible views of snow-capped Veronica Peak. In the evening, unwind at the campsite with a nourishing meal prepared by your cook. Route 2 Quarry Trail: Make an early start today and drive to Choquequilla, a small ceremonial place where Incas worshipped the moon. From here, head to the small community near Qory Song’o (Golden Heart) hill to climb to the top for views of the Soqma Perolniyoc, Pachar and Huarocondo valleys. There are also several protected sacred tombs which you can explore and even see some of the original structure crafted from wood and leather. Travellers have seldom seen these remains. Continue to the Perolniyoc Cascade lookout to stop for snacks and photos. Arrive at the campsite (3700 m) around lunchtime. After, set off to explore the Q'orimarca archaeological site – a historic Inca checkpoint. Route 3 Cusco:   If you choose the train option, you’ll stay in Cusco so that you have time to visit some of its many museums and archaeological sites. The most accessible is Coricancha – once the richest Inca temple. Speak with your tour leader to organise optional activities.

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Route 1 Inca Trail: This is the most challenging trekking day as you’ll ascend a steep path to reach the highest point of the trail. Colloquially known as 'Dead Woman's Pass', Warmiwanusca sits at a height of 4200 m, providing amazing views of the valley. After, descend to the campsite in the Pacaymayo Valley (3650 m). Route 2 Quarry Trail: This is the most challenging and rewarding day. A 3-hour walk takes you to the top of the first pass of Puccaqasa (4370 m). After enjoying the picturesque views, it’s a short walk before stopping for lunch. Then, hike to Kuychicassa (4450 m), the trek’s highest pass. From here, descend to the sacred site that the Incas called Intipunku. This is a sun gate, where the sun streams through at certain times of the year. The Incas built several sun gates, the most notable overlooking Machu Picchu. Continue to the campsite (3600 m) only a stone’s throw away. Route 3 Cusco: This morning, drive through the Sacred Valley. Known as Wilcamayo to the Incas, it has been a source of livelihood for the locals for hundreds of years, with maize crops covering the terraced valley walls. Stop for lunch in a local community, where you'll also get the chance to learn about their traditional lifestyle and maybe wrap your tongue around a few words of the Quechua language. Tonight, stay in Ollantaytambo where you can check out the town’s fascinating remnants of an Inca city overlooking the present-day settlement.

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Route 1 Inca Trail: Start the day with a climb through the Pacaymayo Valley to Runkuracay Pass (3980 m). Enjoy views of the snow-capped mountain of Cordillera Vilcabamba before descending for around 2 to 3 hours to the ruins of Sayacmarca. Continue over the trail’s third pass to the ruins of Phuyupatamarca (3850 m), also known as the 'Town Above the Clouds'. Then start the 2-hour descent down Inca steps to a campsite by the Winay Wayna archaeological site. Route 2 Quarry Trail: Today’s hike is all downhill. The first stop is the incomplete Kachiqata quarry, where the Spanish intercepted the Incas. Explore the cobbled streets of Ollantaytambo when you finish the trek, then take a short train ride to Aguas Calientes. This is where you’ll meet the travellers in your group who didn't hike. Spend the night in a hotel before tomorrow’s visit to Machu Picchu. Route 3 Train to Aguas Calientes: Today you’ll meet up with the travellers in your group who may have hiked the Quarry Trail. You’ll catch a 1.5-hour train through the winding Urubamba Valley to Aguas Calientes. The city is in the cloud forest at the foot of Machu Picchu. Spend the night in a hotel before tomorrow’s visit to Machu Picchu.

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Route 1 Inca Trail: This is the final and most spectacular leg of the trek to Machu Picchu – one of the New Wonders of the World. It’s an early start, with breakfast at 4 am. Say farewell to the porters as they descend to the train station and begin hiking. Once the final checkpoint opens at 5 am, you’ll begin the final 2.5-hour trek to Intipunku (the Sun Gate). Weather permitting, you’ll be treated to views over the Lost City of the Incas as you enter through the Sun Gate. Route 2 and 3 Machu Picchu to Cusco: Take an early bus up to Machu Picchu at 6 am. The city was built around 1440 AD as a country retreat for the Inca nobility, but there’s evidence that the land had been a sacred Inca site for much longer. Take a guided tour around the ruins of temples, palaces and living quarters. This is a day to remember! The whole group will then catch the bus to Aguas Calientes to stop for lunch. From here, take a scenic train ride to Ollantaytambo, then drive back to Cusco, arriving in the evening.

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Enjoy free time to relax, shop and explore more of Cusco today. Maybe rest your weary legs at a cafe on Plaza de Armas or head to the San Pedro Market where you’ll find vegetables, meats, local cheeses, chocolates, herbal medicines and handicrafts. It’s a great place to pick up souvenirs or ingredients for a picnic. The market is also where many locals (and daring travellers) eat ‘mystery soups.’ Some may be just chicken – but the most popular among the locals usually contains frogs or offal. If you’re looking for something active, why not try mountain biking in the hills surrounding Cusco?

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Rise and shine early for your journey into the Peruvian Amazon. Take an early transfer to the airport, then fly to Puerto Maldonado. Here, you’ll pack a small duffle bag with essentials for the next two days. Board a motorised canoe and cruise deep into the jungle to your eco-lodge in the Madre de Dios region – it'll take a couple of hours, so you’ll stop for lunch along the way. Settle into your thatched-roof lodge before a short orientation walk. Spend the evening taking in the sights, sounds and smells of the jungle and enjoy an I’m-so-far-from-home moment.

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Get ready for a day of exploring the depths of the jungle! Set out on a half-day trek guided by local experts on the area's flora and fauna. Learn about the medicinal and practical uses for some of the plants that grow here, which Indigenous people have been studying and using for thousands of years. Along the way, look out for rainbow macaws and butterflies, and listen for the barking call of the peccaries and chattering of monkeys. Capybaras, giant otters and jabirus also live in this part of the Amazon, so keep your eyes peeled. Return to the lodge for lunch, followed by free time to relax. After sunset, venture out on a night walk in search of caimans, jaguars, anacondas and other nocturnal critters.

Leave the natural wonders of the Amazon behind and return to Puerto Maldonado to board a flight back to Lima. You'll be met by a local representative who’ll take you to your hotel. Time permitting, the rest of the day is free to explore more of Lima's sights and maybe do some last-minute shopping. In the evening, maybe regroup for one last night out on the town and a celebratory farewell dinner of Peruvian favourites.

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Say ‘hasta luego’ to Peru and board a flight to Argentina’s fiery capital – Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires is the ultimate cosmopolitan city, with Latin passion, European elegance and its own distinctive style. Relax in your hotel tonight or hit the streets for some solo exploration.

You have a free day today to explore bustling Buenos Aires – why not visit San Telmo and on Sundays it’s antiques market and artists' displays? Or maybe visit Recoleta (the grand cemetery) or Casa Rosada (the Pink House). Tonight, you’ll have another welcome meeting at 6 pm to meet your new trip leader and group members. Your leader will leave a note at the hotel reception telling you where this important meeting will take place.

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Enjoy some breakfast, then embark on an orientation walk through this fantastic city. You'll be introduced to some of Buenos Aires' major sights – the likes of the Colon Theatre, the Obelisc and Plaza de Mayo. Along the way, learn a little more about Argentina's independence from Spain.

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This morning catch a short flight to Posadas, followed by a drive to Ituzaingó (approximately 1 hour). Ituzaingó will serve as your base to explore the beautiful Ibera Wetlands region in the north of Argentina. Spanning more than 15,000 square kilometres, the Ibera wetlands are roughly the size of Belgium, which gives you an idea of how much there is to explore. The biodiversity is incredible, and the swamps, lakes and lagoons are home to such creatures as otters, alligators, deer, wolves and black howler monkeys, just to name a few. Keep a look out too for those oddly noble-looking creatures, the capybaras. These cousins of guinea pigs are the largest rodents in the world.

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Take part in a full day (approximately 8-10 hour) walking tour and car safari with a guide. You might see any number of obscure species – maybe caiman or swamp deer, perhaps even an armadillo, or a flock of rhea (which are like a South American equivalent of an emu). Anacondas, though particularly hard to spot at certain times of the year, are also known to inhabit these wetlands. Keep an eye to the sky, as you're bound to catch a glimpse of some of the 350 bird species here, from the sharp-tailed tyrant to the gorgeous and garish yellow robin. For lunch enjoy a delicious barbecue (asado) and even have a go at kneading some dough to bake Argentinian bread. Chat to your friendly hosts and gain insight into everyday life in Argentina while sampling some traditonal mate (tea).

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Enjoy some breakfast and prepare for a long travel day. From Ituizangó take a comfortable local bus to Puerto Iguazu (approximately 7 hours).  Arrive at Puerto Iguazu bus station and take a mini van to visit a Guarani community for the rare opportunity to meet some of the region’s few remaining indigenous people. Later, cross the border into Brazil and continue to your hotel in Foz do Iguazu (approximately one hour, depending on traffic at the Argentina–Brazil border).

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Here at Iguazu, you'll visit the mighty waterfalls from both the Brazilian and Argentinian sides. At over 2 kilometres long, Iguazu Falls are actually a series of cataracts. There are over 270 falls in all, and with some reaching up to 80 metres in height, they are wider than Victoria Falls and higher than Niagara. Enjoy the magnificent panoramas on the Brazilian side of Iguazu Falls. Seeing the falls from this side has its perks, such as a view of San Martin Island which you don't quite get from the Argentinean side. You might like to take a helicopter ride over the falls while you're here. This optional excursion gives you spectacular views of the falls and the lush green parklands that surround it.

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Today we go to the Argentinean side of the Falls where it’s possible to follow a series of boardwalks to get up close to the thundering waters – so close you can almost touch them.

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Travel by plane to Rio de Janeiro, the festive heart of Brazil. Settle into your hotel and then set out on an orientation walk with your leader. Rio is a fascinating and diverse city best known for its contrasting images of favelas (shanty towns) and the glitz and glamour of Carnaval. With free time, you can choose from many optional activities. Perhaps head to a football game, take a cable car ride between Praia Vermelha and the Sugarloaf Mountain for incredible views over town. For further options, chat to your leader.

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This morning you'll be picked up at your hotel first thing in the morning and head straight to Christ the Redeemer to beat the crowds. Soak up the early morning air and take some photos of this iconic statue before heading to a traditional local Farmer's Market. Your local leader will show you some of the best foods to try as well as providing plenty of interesting facts about the market traditions. Today you'll have a free afternoon, so may wish to return to the hotel with your leader to relax. Otherwise, a visit to Sugarloaf is a great way to spend the rest of the day.

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There are no activities planned for the final day and you are able to depart the accommodation at any time.

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